Everything about Kabyles Du Pacifique totally explained
Kabyles du Pacifique ("
Kabyles of the
Pacific") were a group of men and women
deported by
French authorities to
labor camps on the island of
New Caledonia, after taking part in the 1870-1871 mainly Kabyle uprising against
colonial rule in Algeria.
Their arrest took place in 1871, and 212 persons were tried together in 1873, in the city of
Constantine. Most were sent over to prisons in metropolitan France -
Oléron and
Saint-Martin-de-Ré (on
Île de Ré), then, as these were due to be closed, to
Quélern (near
Brest). At the same time, 29 of them were kept in
Oran -
Antoine Chanzy, the
Governor-General, attempted to have them removed from the public's eye by proposing they should be sent to the
Marquesas Islands. They too were ultimately transported to Quélern, through
Marseille. A third group was imprisoned together with former
Communards in
Thouars.
Due to malfunctions in the communication between ministries, the distinction made between sentences to
transportation (traditionally, to
French Guyana) and deportation (to New Caledonia) was no longer made - all were sent to New Caledonia in the end.
Their arrival to the island coincided with transports of Communards, who were to leave precious testimonies of the Kabyles' presence. However, Kabyles were left behind when the Communards were granted an
amnesty in 1879, and remained in exile despite campaigns to raise the sympathy of French public opinion. An amnesty was awarded only in 1895, but they could return to Algeria only after 1904.
Some descendants of the deported Kabyles still live in New Caledonia. One of them, Taïeb Aïfa served as the mayor of
Bourail from 1977 to 2001. In
Nessadiou, south of Bourail, there's a
Cimetière des Arabes, or "
Arabs' Cemetery" - a name that originates in confusion over the ethnicity of Kabyles.
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